What is Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration and How Can Photobiomodulation Help?

This is what dry age-related macular degeneration looks like in a dilated fundus exam: yellowish spots (drusen) develop in the macula (central part of the retina).

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive disease that affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp and detailed vision. There are two main types: dry (atrophic) and wet (exudative). The dry type, which accounts for about 85–90% of cases, involves the gradual degeneration of macular cells.

What are the symptoms?

Dry AMD often progresses silently, but over time may lead to:

• Blurred central vision or difficulty reading

• Distorted straight lines

• Reduced visual sharpness

• Needing more light to see clearly

  
  

Is there a treatment for dry AMD?

Until recently, treatment focused mainly on antioxidant supplements and risk factor control. However, photobiomodulation (PBM) is now emerging as a promising therapy.

What is photobiomodulation?

Photobiomodulation is a non-invasive treatment that uses specific wavelengths of light (red and near-infrared) to stimulate cellular activity, improve blood flow, and reduce oxidative stress in retinal cells. Clinical studies show PBM may slow disease progression, and in some patients, improve visual acuity and contrast sensitivity.

Is it safe?

Yes. PBM is safe, painless, and well tolerated. It is performed in-office in short sessions, and does not involve incisions or contact with the eye.

📍If you’ve been diagnosed with dry AMD, early detection and access to new therapies like photobiomodulation can make a real difference. As a retinal specialist, I can help assess whether this treatment is right for you.